Scientists Link Processed Food to Memory Loss

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Scientists at the University of São Paulo in Brazil conducted a comprehensive study involving over 10,000 participants aged 35 to 74 across six Brazilian cities to explore the potential association between dietary habits and cognitive decline in older adults. The research, conducted between 2008 and 2019, involved multiple cognitive assessments every four years. The findings indicate that individuals obtaining more than 20% of their daily calories from highly processed foods experienced an accelerated rate of cognitive decline. The study underscores the relevance of dietary choices in cognitive health and aligns with existing public health advice advocating reduced consumption of highly processed foods. It is noteworthy that the study identified certain socioeconomic factors, such as higher income and education levels, among those with increased highly processed food intake, highlighting the complex interplay of lifestyle and cognitive health. However, the researchers acknowledged a relatively weak link between highly processed food consumption and cognitive decline, characterizing the effect size as "small."

Questions

1- What does the study indicate about the rate of cognitive decline in individuals obtaining more than 20% of their daily calories from highly processed foods?

2- Besides cognitive health, what socioeconomic factors were identified in individuals with increased highly processed food intake?

3- How did the researchers characterize the link between highly processed food consumption and cognitive decline?

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Parts of this lesson are based on: An article by Bill Smith.